X-TRONIX SciTech Blog
Serving Science & Technology Since 1988
X-TRONIX SciTech Blog

Swine Flu Worst Case Scenario: Computer Simulations

This posting has really nothing to do with our usual blog postings but as we average over 750 visits per month, I thought it important enough to post it here so that many can have a chance to take note of a computer simulation. Let's hope it remains a manageable scenario and does not turn into a totally different reality! 


Professor's Computer Simulations Show Worst-Case Swine Flu Scenario
from Northwestern News on Vimeo.


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Inhomogeneity of a highly efficient InGaN based blue LED studied by 3D atom probe tomography

The InGaN based multiple quantum well (MQW) structure in a commercially available white light emitting diode (LED) was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and three-dimensional atom probe tomography (APT). The average In mole fraction by three-dimensional (3D) APT was found to be about 18% in the InGaN well which is consistent with the secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analysis.


The In distribution in the InGaN well layer was analyzed by the iso curve mapping of 3D APT and found to be nonuniform in the InGaN active layer. In clustering or In rich regions in the range of ...<< MORE >>

DNA sequencing using STM

Stuart Lindsay and his collaborators use genetic material to bridge the gap between a scanning tunnelling microscope and a sample of interest.

As the tip scans along the surface, the genetic material either bonds or ignores the underlying genetic material - leading to a varying tunnelling current. The resulting image reveals the identity of the DNA sample under inspection.

Quantum physics could come to the aid of medical science as a new technique for identifying DNA utilizes the quantum effect of tunnelling. The method, developed by physicists in the US, will enable users to read genetic codes directly by studying DNA with ...<< MORE >>

Tips & Tricks - Vacuum Viewports

This had already been posted back in September 2007 and as it did attract tremendous interest I'm happy to give it a makeover with more detail ! 

For those who do not often change things on a UHV vacuum system, here's some tips if you need to mount a viewport. First, never use a viewport that appears to be, or is known to be damaged. A replacement viewport costs far less than repairing a system that has been subject of an implosion caused by a faulty viewport.
                                                                                           
SAFETY
Pressure differentials: Kodial VPZ viewports are designed to withstand 1 Bar differential pressure. Other standard ...<< MORE >>

Have we finally found the long lost paperless world ?

Back in the mid eighties, as workstations had become the norm, we all had dreams of a paperless world; for me it was a dream that never hatched! My desk was permanently ornamented with thick computer printouts of marketing statistics and, more often than not, I never really found the time to plunge into the hundreds of Z-folds and make proper use of the data! 

Three decades later it can be argued if we've doubled, tripled or even quadrupled the amount of paper in the office environment!

Just over a year ago we reassessed the costs of our printed promotional material with as objective to drastically cut costs. We adopted a permission-based software application ...<< MORE >>

Thunderbolts Of The Gods


"The cosmic theatre has outgrown the Newtonian stage, and we need a larger setting to understand the broader cosmic drama. Instead of a vision of isolated bodies turning gear-like in a vacuum, we need a vision of electrical circuits embedded in a conducting medium whose components drive each other and may be in resonance. We have left the familiar world of solids, liquids and gases. We have entered a world of plasma, where the rules are different and more complex. We now live in an Electric Universe."

You've understood it, this is controversial material - so intrinsically stimulative to ...
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Life on Earth

Science informs us that microbes were the first inhabitants of Earth. These are single-celled organisms which we commonly call bacteria, fungi and protozoa. Microbes are still found everywhere today, in boiling hot thermal springs, as well as deep below the surface of the Antarctic, and even high in the atmosphere.

Microbes decompose the waste products of other living things, creating nutrients. They are also used to make beer, bread, and yogurt. Did I hear you say...yak!?

Earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago. No one knows for a fact when or how life began. The final, most important events leading to the beginning of life are possibly the least ...<< MORE >>

Neutrinos could probe Earth’s structure


In the absence of a 6,000 km-deep hole to conduct observations, scientists hoping to learn about the internal structure of the Earth presently have few options but to monitor seismic waves. However, this technique, which relies on models of how waves are affected by rock properties, is indirect and so potentially unreliable. A truly direct method, suggest researchers from Spain, Japan and the US, might be to monitor the proportion of atmospheric neutrinos that are absorbed while passing through the Earth.

This isn’t the first ...<< MORE >>

Understand Relativity......at last

Einstein's theory of special relativity includes electricity and magnetism in a simple, logical extension of the relativity of Galileo and Newton. Its conclusions, including time dilation, length contraction, and E=mc2 have changed profoundly our ideas of time and space, matter and energy.

These multimedia modules (click here for the PDF) developed by the University of New South Wales, one of Australia's leading research and teaching universities, give a brief overview of relativity - they present the main ideas. Inevitably, you ...<< MORE >>

Comparative study between Bellows and Diaphragm Gas Valves

Contributed by Alain Dahmani – Flowlink, France 

The seal of a diaphragm valve is made through the controlled deformation in a Hastelloy® diaphragm across a Kel-F® seat. The stroke, or deformation travel, of the diaphragm between open and closed positions is in the order of 0.2mm - 0.3mm.

The seal of a formed bellows valve is made by the displacement across the axis of the bellows via the expansion of the undulations. One such undulation is equivalent to about two diaphrams.

Example:
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